Global burden of esophageal cancer attributable to smoking: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Background Epidemiological trends of esophageal cancer attributable to smoking remain unclear. This study aimed estimate the spatiotemporal burden assist in global prevention and cessation. Methods Data on were obtained from Global Burden Disease Study 2019. The number age-standardized rates mortality (ASMR) disability-adjusted life years (ASDR) analyzed by age, sex, location. Joinpoint regression analysis was used analyze temporal over 30 years. Results In 2019, deaths (DALYs) approximately 203,000 475 million, respectively. DALYs due 1.5-fold increased 1990 but corresponding ASMR ASDR had decreased. heaviest occurred East Asia, Mongolia, middle socio-demographic index (SDI) region. male-to-female ratio 12.7 14.3 ASDR. appeared 60–74 age group. estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) highly negatively associated with (ρ = −0.41, p < 0.001) SDI 2019 −0.29, 0.001). Conclusion Despite reductions ASDR, remains heavy, especially regions. Active tobacco control can reduce burden.